Kỹ thuật thi công nhà thầu
- Việc xác định mốc xây dựng
- Kiểm tra cấu kiện móng, cột, dầm ,sàn
- Thuê đơn vị chuyên tư vấn giám sát
- Chọn lựa nhà thầu chất lượng, uy tín
Vật liệu sử dụng
- Vật liệu phần thô bao gồm: Sắt thép, xi măng, cát, đá, gạch,vật tư điện, vật tư nước, phụ gia chống thấm…
- Bạn cần nhận biết vật tư qua ký hiệu, logo, thương hiệu, màu sắc để khi nhà thầu cấp vật tư đến công trình,
Ví dụ trên mỗi thanh thép Việt Nhật hoặc Pomina đều có logo của thương hiệu nhà sản xuất. Các viên gạch thì có in tên thương hiệu trên mỗi viên…
Chất lượng bê tông
- Bê tông phải đúng mác ( cường độ, khả năng chịu lực) thiết kế, với nhà phố, biệt thự thông thường mác #250. Để biết bê tông có đúng mác hay không bạn có 2 cách
Với bê tông tươi: Dựa vào phiếu giao nhận của nhà cung cấp, yêu cầu lấy mẫu thí nghiệm tại hiện trường và nén thử nghiệm mẫu. - Với bê tông trộn tại chổ mác #250: Dựa vào tỷ lệ cấp phối hiện trường , một bao xi măng 50kg với 4 thùng cát vàng, 6 thùng đá 1×2 và lượng nước vừa đủ.
Chất lượng xây, tô
- Tỷ lệ cấp phối của một vữa hồ xây tô phải đảm bảo, thông thường 1 bao xi măng trộn với 10 -> 11 thùng cát. Bạn cần biết khi trộn hồ ít xi măng thì vữa không đủ độ kết dính nhưng trộn nhiều xi măng sẽ xuất hiện hiện tượng nứt tường ( do hồ già)
- Sử dụng lưới mắt cáo đóng vào các điểm giao giữa tường và dầm, cột và tại vị trí đi các ống luồn dây điện âm tường. Tường của bạn sẽ hạn chế được các vết nứt về sau.
Bảng chi tiết vật tư, vật dụng hoàn thiện
- Bảng vật tư cần phải chi tiết, thể hiện đầy đủ các yêu cầu về thương hiệu, nhà sản xuất, quy cách,chủng loại, đơn giá…
- Bạn có thể xem bảng chi tiết vật tư tại đây
Phát sinh và cách kiểm soát
- Khi bạn khoán cho nhà thầu bằng hình thức xây nhà trọn gói vẫn có phát sinh.
- Phát sinh trong giai đoạn phần thô là do giá vật tư biến động, bạn cần theo dõi thị trường các thời điểm tăng giá để kiểm soát, thương lượng với nhà thầu.
- Các phát sinh ở giai đoạn hoàn thiện : Lý do nhiều người bị phát sinh là chọn vật liệu giá cao hơn đơn giá của nhà thầu đưa ra trong bản hợp đồng, bạn cần nhắm đến vật liệu, vật dụng phù hợp với khả năng thanh toán, nên ưu tiên cho các vật dụng cơ bản trước rồi tính đến vật dụng trang trí nội thất
Việc chọn vật liệu xây nhà, nếu bạn không có kinh nghiệm sẽ là thiệt thòi lớn vì :
- Bạn không nắm giá vật liệu xây dựng trên thị trường
- Chất lượng vật tư khó kiểm soát
- Bạn phải mua giá cao hơn vì bạn là khách hàng lẻ và bạn không phải là đối tác mua hàng thường xuyên
- Định mức sử dụng vật tư cho các hạng mục xây dựng nếu bạn không có kinh nghiệm giám sát vật tư, đội công nhân thi công sẽ gây thất thoát và lãng phí rất đáng kể.
- Xây nhà rất tốn kém thời gian nên phải được kết hợp nhịp nhàng, hợp lý giữa các công đoạn đan xen của người tổ chức công trình mới đảm bảo đúng tiến độ và thời gian hoàn thành.
- Bạn hãy dành thời gian để tập trung vào công việc kinh doanh thay vì phải bỏ thời gian từ vài tháng đến một năm để lo việc xây nhà
- An toàn lao động cho công nhân làm việc tại công trình phải được giám sát chặt chẽ và nhắc nhở, kiểm tra thường xuyên.
- Kỹ thuật thi công của các đội công nhân tự phát thường không đảm bảo kỹ thuật cũng như chất lượng ngôi nhà.
- Để xây nên một căn nhà cần nhiều tổ đội công nhân chuyên môn từng hạng mục như đội thợ sơn, thợ điện nước, thợ hồ, thợ đá hoa cương, thợ mộc, thợ nhôm sắt…Vậy khi bảo trì, bảo hành bạn sẽ rất khó khăn điều người khắc phục, lời khuyên bạn nên chọn một công ty xây dựng uy tín để họ đảm nhận trách nhiệm này.
- Hỗ trợ xin phép xây dựng miễn phí, hỗ trợ hoàn công.
- Đại diện chủ nhà làm việc với cơ quan quản lý nhà nước, thanh tra xây dựng…
Một ngôi nhà để có được thiết kế tinh tế, thẩm mỹ thì chắc chắn rằng bạn phải tốn chi phí cho một bản vẽ thiết kế là không hề nhỏ, nhưng khi bạn chọn dịch vụ xây nhà trọn gói tại ARC thì các bạn sẽ được nhiều ưu đãi sau :
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- Tư vấn thiết kế và giải pháp thi công tốt nhất phù hợp với chi phí dự trù cho ngôi nhà của mình
- Tặng gói thi công nội thất một không gian phòng bất kỳ
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